US President Donald Trump announced that the Board of Peace reached an agreement for the complete disarmament of Hamas and all other armed groups in Gaza. He described the development as a historic step toward lasting peace and security, stating that Israel would finally have the security it deserves with Gaza no longer used as a base for terror attacks.
The agreement was brokered by the Board of Peace with mediators Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey. Trump thanked these nations for their mediation efforts. The guiding principle of the proposed arrangement is one government, one legal system, and one legitimate security authority.
Phased Implementation and Security Measures
According to the announcement, the agreement will be implemented in carefully structured phases. These include Hamas disarmament, Israeli withdrawal, deployment of an International Stabilization Force, and the formation of a new Palestinian police force and government. Trump stated that as disarmament is completed, Israeli forces will withdraw while the stabilization force works with the new police to ensure safety.
Negotiations over a 15-point plan to demilitarize Gaza and transfer authority to the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza (NCAG) have been ongoing. A diplomat involved in the talks said the roadmap includes the elimination of tunnels, arms stockpiles, and weapons production facilities, based on the principle of one authority, one law, one weapon.
Under the proposed terms, Hamas would provide maps of its tunnel network, weapons-production facilities, and arms depots. The decommissioning of these weapons is a key precondition for a new Palestinian technocratic government to assume power. Additionally, Hamas members would receive amnesty and be permitted to remain in Gaza.
A new Palestinian police force, vetted by Israel's Shin Bet, would be trained and deployed in areas under NCAG control. Israel would withdraw to the Yellow Line and halt assassinations of Hamas members except for imminent threats. However, it remains unclear how many forces would be available for the planned International Stabilization Force.
Dispute Over Approval and Conditions
Despite the US announcement, Hamas has not yet given final approval to the agreement. Senior Hamas official Ghazi Hamad said the group will not take steps toward disarmament before Israeli forces withdraw from Gaza. Another Hamas member told Al Jazeera that the group will follow through with disarming if Israel maintains its obligations.
Hamas official Ghazi Hamad also stated that disarmament would be carried out by a Palestinian national committee, not Israel. Unverified reports suggest Hamas is willing to confine and store heavy weapons under a Palestinian body rather than hand them over to Israel, and unverified Egyptian sources indicated Hamas agreed to several points but requested changes on the definition of infrastructure to be dismantled.
Israeli officials remain skeptical and some have rejected the proposed terms. An Israeli official said Israel demands the complete disarmament of Hamas, including the removal of weapons from Gaza and the complete demilitarisation of the Strip as a precondition for any process. Reports indicate Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu intends to expand Israel's control in Gaza to 70% of the territory.
Regional pressures played a role in the talks, which took place in El Alamein, Egypt. Qatar, Turkey, and Egypt exerted intense pressure on Hamas to sign. Iranian officials urged Hamas to avoid rushing into an agreement during meetings attended by IRGC officials.
Humanitarian Context and Casualties
Large parts of Gaza were destroyed during the war, and about 2 million Palestinian residents live in tents or makeshift shelters. Israel's military campaign in Gaza has killed more than 73,000 Palestinians and injured over 174,000, destroying nearly 90% of infrastructure.
The Hamas-controlled Gaza Health Ministry says nearly 1,200 Palestinians have been killed since the Oct 10, 2025 ceasefire, though some sources report more than 1,200 fatalities. Despite the ceasefire, Israeli attacks since then have killed 1,214 Palestinians and injured 3,977. The ceasefire was brokered under Trump's 20-point plan for Gaza, overseen by the Board of Peace chaired by Trump.
A source involved in the negotiations argued that the deal is beneficial for Israel because it addresses the Gaza problem without requiring significant concessions if Hamas cheats. Another source stated that everything is fully coordinated and Israel knows all the details. The Board of Peace's proposed charter does not mention Gaza and appears designed to supplant functions of the UN.